ASX #8 CSL Limited

1.  Market Cap of AUD 87 billion. (8th largest ASX stock), Largest healthcare stock in Aus
2. Annual Revenue of USD 15.6 billion. Global biopharma company. Three key divisions
1. CSL Behring - Rare and serious diseases. USD 11.1 billion
2. CSL Seqirus - Influenza. USD  2.16 billion
3. CSL Vifor - Iron deficinecy USD 2.2 billion
3. 29000 global employees
4. Global Manufacturing Presence
5. Key players in vaccine (influenza) include Sanofi and GSK.
6. PAT 3.1 billion
7. Share price has been declining.

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ASX #11 Fortescue Metals Group

1.  Market Cap of AUD 61.7 billion. Third largest mining company in Australia by market cap.
2. Total Iron ore shipped 198.4 million tonnes (FY25) - this is third largest iron ore australia after Rio Tinto (world's second largest 328 Mt), BHP (263 Mt)
3. Young company. Founded in 2003 as Iron Ore production company
4. Revenue 2025 lower than 2024. FY ending June. Revenue USD 15.5 billion.  (2024 was 18.22 billion) - price of mineral/hematite was lower for the period. Shipments seem to have increased slightly.
5. 2 operating segments
1. Metals - Iron ore mainly (Hematite and Magnetite)
2. Energy - new, Undertaking activities in the global development of green electricity, green hydrogen, green ammonia projects, as well as green technology development and manufacturing.
6. Underlying EBITDA 7.94 billion
7. NPAT USD 3.3 billion
8. Production cost has slightly reduced over 2025
9. Five year numbers show lower revenue over time.  - Although shipments have risen.

ASX #3 Rio Tinto

1.  Market Cap AUD 182 billion. 3rd largest ASX after CBA and BHP. One of the largest globally.
2. 55,000 employees
3. Production
1. Iron Ore - ~328 Mt. (2nd largest globally after Vale. Larger than BHP. Global 2.5 billion tonnes
2. Aluminium - Bauxite 58.6 million tonnes.  (total global is 370 million tonnes). Perhaps the largest bauxite company. Aluminium of 3.2 million tonnes.  (Perhaps higher in raw material)
1. Global aluminium production was approximately 72 million tonnes in 2024
3. Copper - total 624 kt. refined copper 248k tonnes. (PArtner with BHP on Escondida, BHP majrity)
4. Minerals - Diamonds, Borate, Iron ore pellets, titanium di oxide
4. Revenue. Total 53.6 billion (CY23 54 billion) - perhaps per tonne impact yet to come through (BHP reports June. While this, Rio does Dec reporting)
1. Iron Ore USD 29.339 billion (larger than BHP in this segment.)
2. Alum segment revenue$ 13.6 billion
3. Copper segment revenue $9.2 billion (to check revenue volume value - seems higher than price per tonne basis) - pehaps gets adjusted in share of equity accounting/
4. Minerals $5.5 billion
5. EBITDA of 23.314 billion/ PAT of $11.57 billion (Slightly lower P/E than BHP)

(BHP is big in Copper, then iron and coking coal. Rio is big in iron ore (2nd largest), alumin, and then Copper)

ASX #2 BHP Limited

1.  Market Cap of AUD 209 billion. 2nd largest on ASX after CBA 256.62 billion market cap
2. BHP is the world's largest mining company by market cap, not just the largest in Australia. (Followed by Rio Tinto, Zijin Mining Group, Newmont etc) 
3. Mike Henry - Chief Executive Officer. 140 year old company
4. Key business
1. Copper production 2.02 Mt (FY25) - one of the world's largest copper producers. Total copper production - world (~23 million Mt). Close to 10%
2. Iron ore 263 Mt. (FY25). World production ~2.5 billion metric tonne.
3. Steelmaking Coal 18 Mt. Global production of coking coal or steelmaking or metallurgical coal is ~1.1 billion tonnes. 
4. Developing Potash mines in Canada
5. Nickel
5. 91000 employees and contractors/ mainly in Australia and Chile. (Chile Copper Escondida largest copper mine in the world)
6. REVENUE USD 51 billion. (FY24 55.6 billion)
1. Copper US$22.5 billion (Copper prices are $10,800 per tonne) - higher than FY24 (18.5 b). 17% RoCE. 
2. Iron Ore US$ 22.9 billion (FY24 27.9 billion). Production was higher, prices were lower. Unit costs increased a bit. 64% RoCE, declined compared to prev year fairly.
3. Coal revenue US$ 5 billion ($7.6 billion prev year). Lower production, lower prices. Negative RoCE
7. EBITDA USD 25.98 billion. PAT 11 billion (higher than FY24). FTY24 had impairment expenses. (Western Australia Nickel Impairment in FY24 of USD 3.7billion)